Robot Controlled via Bluetooth

Arduino UNO R3 Development Board was used as the processor in the project. This card is the decision-making mechanism of the system circuit. This card is essential in making decisions and taking action with the help of data read from sensors.

The main aims of the project are:

1. Data transfer can be achieved via Bluetooth Communication.

2. Healthy (consistent) reading of data coming from environmental elements such as sensors.

3. Making and implementing the right decisions by processing the obtained data.

The robot is basically a system that can make appropriate decisions by pairing its Bluetooth Module with the Bluetooth Module in another electronic device, establishing a communication link between them, and combining the data to be transmitted with the data coming from the sensors. After the robot successfully establishes the communication network, it waits for a command from the Master Device (another device). These commands are commands for the robot to move in forward, backward, right (rotation) or left (rotation) directions.

The operations performed in each command are as follows, respectively.

If the given command is "forward":

• The Ultrasonic Distance Sensor (HC-SR04) located at the front of the robot is activated and measures distance. If it detects an object or obstacle closer than 10cm, it activates the Buzzer in the system and no energy is sent to the motor driver circuit, and the robot maintains its current position. This situation was used to eliminate the risk of crashing the robot by ensuring certain safety standards even if the Master Device gives a command.

• If the Ultrasonic Distance Sensor does not encounter any object or obstacle as a result of its calculations, energy is sent to the motor driver circuit responsible for the movement of the motors and thus the motors start to move in the "forward" direction.

If the given command is "backward":

• Energy is sent to the motor driver circuit and the motors begin to move in the "reverse" direction. As soon as this movement starts, the LEDs on the right and left rear of the robot start flashing.

If the given command is "right":

• The concept of safety limits realized with the Ultrasonic Distance Sensor in the "Forward" command is also included in this command.

• If it is "safe" to start moving in line with the data coming from the Ultrasonic Distance Sensor, energy is sent to the motor driver circuit and thus the motors start to move in the "right" direction. As soon as this movement starts, the LED located in the front right of the robot starts blinking.

If the given command is "left":

• The concept of safety limits realized with the Ultrasonic Distance Sensor in the "Forward" command is also included in this command.

• If it is "safe" to start moving in line with the data coming from the Ultrasonic Distance Sensor, energy is sent to the motor driver circuit and thus the motors start to move in the "left" direction. From the moment this movement starts, the LED located in the front left of the robot starts flashing.

  
  

All the commands above are displayed on the LCD screen on the robot.

L293B Motor Driver IC is used as the Motor Driver Element.

All parts included in the robot are as follows:

• Arduino Uno R3

• HC05 Bluetooth-Serial Module Card

• L293B Motor Driver IC

• HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Distance Sensor

• 2x16 LCD Screen

• 5V Buzzer

• LEDs

• 9V Battery

• 1.5V x 4 Batteries

• Passive Elements